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  <title>参考文献 No.2</title>
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<dc:description>&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;母体へのインフルエンザワクチン接種が母親と乳児に与える効果 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Effectiveness of Maternal Influenza Immunization in Mothers and Infants&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;背景&lt;br /&gt;Background &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;乳児と妊娠女性は，インフルエンザ感染により重大な帰結にいたるリスクが高い．&lt;br /&gt;Young infants and pregnant women are at increased risk for serious consequences of influenza infection. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;不活化インフルエンザワクチンの接種は妊娠女性には推奨されているが，6 ヵ月未満の乳児には認められていない．&lt;br /&gt;Inactivated influenza vaccine is recommended for pregnant women but is not licensed for infants younger than 6 months of age. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;バングラデシュにおいて，妊娠中に接種した不活化インフルエンザワクチンの臨床効果について検討した． &lt;br /&gt;We assessed the clinical effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine administered during pregnancy in Bangladesh. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;方法&lt;br /&gt;Methods &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;この無作為化試験では，母親 340 例を不活化ワクチン接種群（インフルエンザワクチン群）と，23 価肺炎球菌多糖類ワクチン接種群（対照群）のいずれかに割り付けた．&lt;br /&gt;In this randomized study, we assigned 340 mothers to receive either inactivated influenza vaccine (influenza-vaccine group) or the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (control group). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;発症を評価するために，生後 24 週まで母親に週 1 回の面接調査を行った．&lt;br /&gt;Mothers were interviewed weekly to assess illnesses until 24 weeks after birth. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;熱性呼吸器疾患を有する被験者には臨床評価を行い，体調不良の乳児にはインフルエンザ抗原検査を行った．&lt;br /&gt;Subjects with febrile respiratory illness were assessed clinically, and ill infants were tested for influenza antigens. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;疾患の発生数，発生率比，ワクチンの有効性を推定した． &lt;br /&gt;We estimated the incidence of illness, incidence rate ratios, and vaccine effectiveness. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;結果&lt;br /&gt;Results &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;2004 年 8 月～2005 年 12 月のあいだに母親と乳児を観察した．&lt;br /&gt;Mothers and infants were observed from August 2004 through December 2005. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;臨床検査で確定診断されたインフルエンザの症例数は，インフルエンザワクチンの接種を受けた母親の乳児のほうが対照群の乳児より少なく（6 例，16 例），ワクチンの有効性は 63%であった（95%信頼区間 [CI] 5～85）．&lt;br /&gt;Among infants of mothers who received influenza vaccine, there were fewer cases of laboratory-confirmed influenza than among infants in the control group (6 cases and 16 cases, respectively), with a vaccine effectiveness of 63% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5 to 85). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;発熱を伴う呼吸器疾患は，インフルエンザワクチン群の乳児 110 例，対照群の乳児 153 例で発症し，ワクチンの有効性は 29%であった（95% CI 7～46）．&lt;br /&gt;Respiratory illness with fever occurred in 110 infants in the influenza-vaccine group and 153 infants in the control group, with a vaccine effectiveness of 29% (95% CI, 7 to 46). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;母親では，発熱を伴う呼吸器疾患の発症率が 36%減少した（95% CI 4～57）． &lt;br /&gt;Among the mothers, there was a reduction in the rate of respiratory illness with fever of 36% (95% CI, 4 to 57). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;結論&lt;br /&gt;Conclusions &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;不活化インフルエンザワクチンにより，確定診断されるインフルエンザの発生数は生後 6 ヵ月以下の乳児で 63%減少した．&lt;br /&gt;Inactivated influenza vaccine reduced proven influenza illness by 63% in infants up to 6 months of age,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;また，母親と乳児で，熱性呼吸器疾患全体の約 1/3 を予防することができた．&lt;br /&gt;and averted approximately a third of all febrile respiratory illnesses in mothers and young infants. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;母体へのインフルエンザワクチン接種は，母親と乳児の双方に大きな利益をもたらす戦略である．（Clinical Trials.gov 番号：NCT00142389） &lt;br /&gt;Maternal influenza immunization is a strategy with substantial benefits for both mothers and infants. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00142389 [ClinicalTrials.gov] .) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;______________________________________________&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;糖尿病に対する血圧コントロール後の長期追跡調査 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Long-Term Follow-up after Control of Blood Pressure in Diabetes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;背　景&lt;br /&gt;Background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;英国糖尿病前向き研究（United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study：UKPDS）の患者に対して試験後モニタリングを行い，試験期間中の厳格な血圧コントロールによって達成された細小血管・大血管障害リスクの低下が維持されるかどうかを検討した． &lt;br /&gt;Post-trial monitoring of patients in the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) examined whether risk reductions for microvascular and macrovascular disease, achieved with the use of improved blood-pressure control during the trial, would be sustained. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;方法&lt;br /&gt;Methods &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;新たに 2 型糖尿病と診断された UKPDS 参加患者 5,102 例のうち，高血圧である 1,148 例を，1987 年から 4 年間にわたり，厳格な血圧コントロールレジメンと緩やかな血圧コントロールレジメンのいずれかに無作為に割り付けた．&lt;br /&gt;Among 5102 UKPDS patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus, we randomly assigned, over a 4-year period beginning in 1987, 1148 patients with hypertension to tight or less-tight blood-pressure control regimens. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;試験後モニタリングを受けた 884 例に，最初の 5 年間は UKPDS を受けた病院を毎年受診するよう依頼したが，割り付けられたレジメンでの治療継続は試みなかった．&lt;br /&gt;The 884 patients who underwent post-trial monitoring were asked to attend annual UKPDS clinics for the first 5 years, but no attempt was made to maintain their previously assigned therapies. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;患者と一般医が記入する年 1 回の質問票を，1～5 年目では受診できなかった患者の追跡調査に使用し，6～10 年目ではすべての患者に使用した．&lt;br /&gt;Annual questionnaires completed by patients and general practitioners were used to follow patients who were unable to attend the clinic in years 1 through 5, and questionnaires were used for all patients in years 6 to 10. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;事前に規定した 7 つの複合臨床エンドポイントを，以前の割付け区分に従って，intention-to-treat に基づいて検討した． &lt;br /&gt;Seven prespecified aggregate clinical end points were examined on an intention-to-treat basis, according to the previous randomization categories.&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;結果&lt;br /&gt;Results &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;試験期間中にみられた両群間の血圧の差は，試験終了後 2 年以内に消失した．&lt;br /&gt;Differences in blood pressure between the two groups during the trial disappeared within 2 years after termination of the trial. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;試験期間中，厳格な血圧コントロールを受けた群では，緩やかな血圧コントロールを受けた群と比較して，糖尿病関連のすべてのエンドポイント，糖尿病関連死，細小血管障害，脳卒中の相対リスクの有意な低下が認められたが，試験後の追跡調査期間には維持されなかった．&lt;br /&gt;Significant relative risk reductions found during the trial for any diabetes-related end point, diabetes-related death, microvascular disease, and stroke in the group receiving tight, as compared with less tight, blood-pressure control were not sustained during the post-trial follow-up. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;試験期間中も試験後も，心筋梗塞と全死因死亡のリスク低下はみられなかったが，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;厳格な血圧コントロールに関連した末梢血管障害リスクの低下が有意になった（P＝0.02）．&lt;br /&gt;No risk reductions were seen during or after the trial for myocardial infarction or death from any cause, but a risk reduction for peripheral vascular disease associated with tight blood-pressure control became significant (P=0.02). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;結論&lt;br /&gt;Conclusions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;試験期間中の血圧コントロールの改善による利益は，血圧の群間差が消失した時点で維持されなかった．&lt;br /&gt;The benefits of previously improved blood-pressure control were not sustained when between-group differences in blood pressure were lost. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;2 型糖尿病と高血圧を有する患者における血圧コントロールの早期改善は，合併症リスクの低下と関連していたが，その利益を維持するためには良好な血圧コントロールを継続しなければならない．（UKPDS 81，Current Controlled Trials 番号：ISRCTN75451837） &lt;br /&gt;Early improvement in blood-pressure control in patients with both type 2 diabetes and hypertension was associated with a reduced risk of complications, but it appears that good blood-pressure control must be continued if the benefits are to be maintained. (UKPDS 81; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN75451837 [controlled-trials.com] .) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;______________________________________________&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;2 型糖尿病における強化血糖コントロールに関する 10 年間の追跡調査 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;10-Year Follow-up of Intensive Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetes&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;背景&lt;br /&gt;Background &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;英国糖尿病前向き研究（United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study：UKPDS）において強化血糖コントロール療法を受けた 2 型糖尿病患者は，従来の食事療法を受けた患者と比べて，細小血管合併症のリスクが低かった．&lt;br /&gt;During the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS), patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received intensive glucose therapy had a lower risk of microvascular complications than did those receiving conventional dietary therapy. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;われわれは試験後モニタリングを実施し，この血糖コントロールの改善が持続するのかどうか，またこのような治療が大血管に関する転帰に長期的な影響を与えるのかどうかを検討した． &lt;br /&gt;We conducted post-trial monitoring to determine whether this improved glucose control persisted and whether such therapy had a long-term effect on macrovascular outcomes. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;方法&lt;br /&gt;Methods &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;新たに 2 型糖尿病と診断された患者 5,102 例のうち，4,209 例を，血糖コントロールについて従来の治療法（食事制限）を行う群と，強化療法（スルホニル尿素またはインスリン，過体重患者においてはメトホルミン）を行う群のいずれかに無作為に割り付けた．&lt;br /&gt;Of 5102 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, 4209 were randomly assigned to receive either conventional therapy (dietary restriction) or intensive therapy (either sulfonylurea or insulin or, in overweight patients, metformin) for glucose control. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;試験後モニタリングでは，患者 3,277 例に，最初の 5 年間は UKPDS を受けた病院を毎年受診するよう依頼したが，割り付けられたレジメンでの治療継続は試みなかった．&lt;br /&gt;In post-trial monitoring, 3277 patients were asked to attend annual UKPDS clinics for 5 years, but no attempts were made to maintain their previously assigned therapies. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;受診できなかった患者の追跡には年 1 回の質問票調査を行い，6～10 年目はすべての患者を質問票で評価した．&lt;br /&gt;Annual questionnaires were used to follow patients who were unable to attend the clinics, and all patients in years 6 to 10 were assessed through questionnaires. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;事前に規定した 7 つの複合臨床エンドポイントを，以前の割付け区分に従って，intention-to-treat に基づいて検討した． &lt;br /&gt;We examined seven prespecified aggregate clinical outcomes from the UKPDS on an intention-to-treat basis, according to previous randomization categories. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;結果&lt;br /&gt;Results &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;糖化ヘモグロビン値における群間差は，1 年目以降は消失した．&lt;br /&gt;Between-group differences in glycated hemoglobin levels were lost after the first year. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;スルホニル尿素・インスリン群では，糖尿病関連のすべてのエンドポイント（9%，P＝0.04）と細小血管障害（24%，P＝0.001）の相対リスクの減少は 10 年の時点で持続しており，心筋梗塞（15%，P＝0.01）と全死因死亡（13%，P＝0.007）のリスク低下が，イベントの発生数が増加するに従って経時的に認められた．&lt;br /&gt;In the sulfonylurea&amp;ndash;insulin group, relative reductions in risk persisted at 10 years for any diabetes-related end point (9%, P=0.04) and microvascular disease (24%, P=0.001), and risk reductions for myocardial infarction (15%, P=0.01) and death from any cause (13%, P=0.007) emerged over time, as more events occurred. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;メトホルミン群では，糖尿病関連のすべてのエンドポイント（21%，P＝0.01），心筋梗塞（33%，P＝0.005），全死因死亡（27%，P＝0.002）のリスクについて，有意な低下が持続していた． &lt;br /&gt;In the metformin group, significant risk reductions persisted for any diabetes-related end point (21%, P=0.01), myocardial infarction (33%, P=0.005), and death from any cause (27%, P=0.002). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;結論&lt;br /&gt;Conclusions &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;血糖値の差は早期に消失するにもかかわらず，細小血管リスクの低下は持続し，心筋梗塞や全死因死亡のリスクが新たに低下することが，試験後 10 年間の追跡調査で観察された．&lt;br /&gt;Despite an early loss of glycemic differences, a continued reduction in microvascular risk and emergent risk reductions for myocardial infarction and death from any cause were observed during 10 years of post-trial follow-up. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;過体重患者では，メトホルミン治療による利益の継続が認められた．（UKPDS 80，Current Controlled Trials 番号：ISRCTN75451837） &lt;br /&gt;A continued benefit after metformin therapy was evident among overweight patients. (UKPDS 80; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN75451837 [controlled-trials.com] .) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:description>&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;母体へのインフルエンザワクチン接種が母親と乳児に与える効果 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Effectiveness of Maternal Influenza Immunization in Mothers and Infants&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;背景&lt;br /&gt;Background &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;乳児と妊娠女性は，インフルエンザ感染により重大な帰結にいたるリスクが高い．&lt;br /&gt;Young infants and pregnant women are at increased risk for serious consequences of influenza infection. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;不活化インフルエンザワクチンの接種は妊娠女性には推奨されているが，6 ヵ月未満の乳児には認められていない．&lt;br /&gt;Inactivated influenza vaccine is recommended for pregnant women but is not licensed for infants younger than 6 months of age. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;バングラデシュにおいて，妊娠中に接種した不活化インフルエンザワクチンの臨床効果について検討した． &lt;br /&gt;We assessed the clinical effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine administered during pregnancy in Bangladesh. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;方法&lt;br /&gt;Methods &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;この無作為化試験では，母親 340 例を不活化ワクチン接種群（インフルエンザワクチン群）と，23 価肺炎球菌多糖類ワクチン接種群（対照群）のいずれかに割り付けた．&lt;br /&gt;In this randomized study, we assigned 340 mothers to receive either inactivated influenza vaccine (influenza-vaccine group) or the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (control group). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;発症を評価するために，生後 24 週まで母親に週 1 回の面接調査を行った．&lt;br /&gt;Mothers were interviewed weekly to assess illnesses until 24 weeks after birth. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;熱性呼吸器疾患を有する被験者には臨床評価を行い，体調不良の乳児にはインフルエンザ抗原検査を行った．&lt;br /&gt;Subjects with febrile respiratory illness were assessed clinically, and ill infants were tested for influenza antigens. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;疾患の発生数，発生率比，ワクチンの有効性を推定した． &lt;br /&gt;We estimated the incidence of illness, incidence rate ratios, and vaccine effectiveness. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;結果&lt;br /&gt;Results &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;2004 年 8 月～2005 年 12 月のあいだに母親と乳児を観察した．&lt;br /&gt;Mothers and infants were observed from August 2004 through December 2005. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;臨床検査で確定診断されたインフルエンザの症例数は，インフルエンザワクチンの接種を受けた母親の乳児のほうが対照群の乳児より少なく（6 例，16 例），ワクチンの有効性は 63%であった（95%信頼区間 [CI] 5～85）．&lt;br /&gt;Among infants of mothers who received influenza vaccine, there were fewer cases of laboratory-confirmed influenza than among infants in the control group (6 cases and 16 cases, respectively), with a vaccine effectiveness of 63% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5 to 85). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;発熱を伴う呼吸器疾患は，インフルエンザワクチン群の乳児 110 例，対照群の乳児 153 例で発症し，ワクチンの有効性は 29%であった（95% CI 7～46）．&lt;br /&gt;Respiratory illness with fever occurred in 110 infants in the influenza-vaccine group and 153 infants in the control group, with a vaccine effectiveness of 29% (95% CI, 7 to 46). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;母親では，発熱を伴う呼吸器疾患の発症率が 36%減少した（95% CI 4～57）． &lt;br /&gt;Among the mothers, there was a reduction in the rate of respiratory illness with fever of 36% (95% CI, 4 to 57). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;結論&lt;br /&gt;Conclusions &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;不活化インフルエンザワクチンにより，確定診断されるインフルエンザの発生数は生後 6 ヵ月以下の乳児で 63%減少した．&lt;br /&gt;Inactivated influenza vaccine reduced proven influenza illness by 63% in infants up to 6 months of age,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;また，母親と乳児で，熱性呼吸器疾患全体の約 1/3 を予防することができた．&lt;br /&gt;and averted approximately a third of all febrile respiratory illnesses in mothers and young infants. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;母体へのインフルエンザワクチン接種は，母親と乳児の双方に大きな利益をもたらす戦略である．（Clinical Trials.gov 番号：NCT00142389） &lt;br /&gt;Maternal influenza immunization is a strategy with substantial benefits for both mothers and infants. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00142389 [ClinicalTrials.gov] .) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;______________________________________________&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;糖尿病に対する血圧コントロール後の長期追跡調査 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Long-Term Follow-up after Control of Blood Pressure in Diabetes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;背　景&lt;br /&gt;Background&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;英国糖尿病前向き研究（United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study：UKPDS）の患者に対して試験後モニタリングを行い，試験期間中の厳格な血圧コントロールによって達成された細小血管・大血管障害リスクの低下が維持されるかどうかを検討した． &lt;br /&gt;Post-trial monitoring of patients in the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) examined whether risk reductions for microvascular and macrovascular disease, achieved with the use of improved blood-pressure control during the trial, would be sustained. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;方法&lt;br /&gt;Methods &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;新たに 2 型糖尿病と診断された UKPDS 参加患者 5,102 例のうち，高血圧である 1,148 例を，1987 年から 4 年間にわたり，厳格な血圧コントロールレジメンと緩やかな血圧コントロールレジメンのいずれかに無作為に割り付けた．&lt;br /&gt;Among 5102 UKPDS patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus, we randomly assigned, over a 4-year period beginning in 1987, 1148 patients with hypertension to tight or less-tight blood-pressure control regimens. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;試験後モニタリングを受けた 884 例に，最初の 5 年間は UKPDS を受けた病院を毎年受診するよう依頼したが，割り付けられたレジメンでの治療継続は試みなかった．&lt;br /&gt;The 884 patients who underwent post-trial monitoring were asked to attend annual UKPDS clinics for the first 5 years, but no attempt was made to maintain their previously assigned therapies. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;患者と一般医が記入する年 1 回の質問票を，1～5 年目では受診できなかった患者の追跡調査に使用し，6～10 年目ではすべての患者に使用した．&lt;br /&gt;Annual questionnaires completed by patients and general practitioners were used to follow patients who were unable to attend the clinic in years 1 through 5, and questionnaires were used for all patients in years 6 to 10. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;事前に規定した 7 つの複合臨床エンドポイントを，以前の割付け区分に従って，intention-to-treat に基づいて検討した． &lt;br /&gt;Seven prespecified aggregate clinical end points were examined on an intention-to-treat basis, according to the previous randomization categories.&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;結果&lt;br /&gt;Results &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;試験期間中にみられた両群間の血圧の差は，試験終了後 2 年以内に消失した．&lt;br /&gt;Differences in blood pressure between the two groups during the trial disappeared within 2 years after termination of the trial. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;試験期間中，厳格な血圧コントロールを受けた群では，緩やかな血圧コントロールを受けた群と比較して，糖尿病関連のすべてのエンドポイント，糖尿病関連死，細小血管障害，脳卒中の相対リスクの有意な低下が認められたが，試験後の追跡調査期間には維持されなかった．&lt;br /&gt;Significant relative risk reductions found during the trial for any diabetes-related end point, diabetes-related death, microvascular disease, and stroke in the group receiving tight, as compared with less tight, blood-pressure control were not sustained during the post-trial follow-up. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;試験期間中も試験後も，心筋梗塞と全死因死亡のリスク低下はみられなかったが，&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;厳格な血圧コントロールに関連した末梢血管障害リスクの低下が有意になった（P＝0.02）．&lt;br /&gt;No risk reductions were seen during or after the trial for myocardial infarction or death from any cause, but a risk reduction for peripheral vascular disease associated with tight blood-pressure control became significant (P=0.02). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;結論&lt;br /&gt;Conclusions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;試験期間中の血圧コントロールの改善による利益は，血圧の群間差が消失した時点で維持されなかった．&lt;br /&gt;The benefits of previously improved blood-pressure control were not sustained when between-group differences in blood pressure were lost. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;2 型糖尿病と高血圧を有する患者における血圧コントロールの早期改善は，合併症リスクの低下と関連していたが，その利益を維持するためには良好な血圧コントロールを継続しなければならない．（UKPDS 81，Current Controlled Trials 番号：ISRCTN75451837） &lt;br /&gt;Early improvement in blood-pressure control in patients with both type 2 diabetes and hypertension was associated with a reduced risk of complications, but it appears that good blood-pressure control must be continued if the benefits are to be maintained. (UKPDS 81; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN75451837 [controlled-trials.com] .) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;______________________________________________&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;2 型糖尿病における強化血糖コントロールに関する 10 年間の追跡調査 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;10-Year Follow-up of Intensive Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetes&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;背景&lt;br /&gt;Background &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;英国糖尿病前向き研究（United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study：UKPDS）において強化血糖コントロール療法を受けた 2 型糖尿病患者は，従来の食事療法を受けた患者と比べて，細小血管合併症のリスクが低かった．&lt;br /&gt;During the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS), patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received intensive glucose therapy had a lower risk of microvascular complications than did those receiving conventional dietary therapy. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;われわれは試験後モニタリングを実施し，この血糖コントロールの改善が持続するのかどうか，またこのような治療が大血管に関する転帰に長期的な影響を与えるのかどうかを検討した． &lt;br /&gt;We conducted post-trial monitoring to determine whether this improved glucose control persisted and whether such therapy had a long-term effect on macrovascular outcomes. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;方法&lt;br /&gt;Methods &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;新たに 2 型糖尿病と診断された患者 5,102 例のうち，4,209 例を，血糖コントロールについて従来の治療法（食事制限）を行う群と，強化療法（スルホニル尿素またはインスリン，過体重患者においてはメトホルミン）を行う群のいずれかに無作為に割り付けた．&lt;br /&gt;Of 5102 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, 4209 were randomly assigned to receive either conventional therapy (dietary restriction) or intensive therapy (either sulfonylurea or insulin or, in overweight patients, metformin) for glucose control. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;試験後モニタリングでは，患者 3,277 例に，最初の 5 年間は UKPDS を受けた病院を毎年受診するよう依頼したが，割り付けられたレジメンでの治療継続は試みなかった．&lt;br /&gt;In post-trial monitoring, 3277 patients were asked to attend annual UKPDS clinics for 5 years, but no attempts were made to maintain their previously assigned therapies. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;受診できなかった患者の追跡には年 1 回の質問票調査を行い，6～10 年目はすべての患者を質問票で評価した．&lt;br /&gt;Annual questionnaires were used to follow patients who were unable to attend the clinics, and all patients in years 6 to 10 were assessed through questionnaires. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;事前に規定した 7 つの複合臨床エンドポイントを，以前の割付け区分に従って，intention-to-treat に基づいて検討した． &lt;br /&gt;We examined seven prespecified aggregate clinical outcomes from the UKPDS on an intention-to-treat basis, according to previous randomization categories. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;結果&lt;br /&gt;Results &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;糖化ヘモグロビン値における群間差は，1 年目以降は消失した．&lt;br /&gt;Between-group differences in glycated hemoglobin levels were lost after the first year. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;スルホニル尿素・インスリン群では，糖尿病関連のすべてのエンドポイント（9%，P＝0.04）と細小血管障害（24%，P＝0.001）の相対リスクの減少は 10 年の時点で持続しており，心筋梗塞（15%，P＝0.01）と全死因死亡（13%，P＝0.007）のリスク低下が，イベントの発生数が増加するに従って経時的に認められた．&lt;br /&gt;In the sulfonylurea&amp;ndash;insulin group, relative reductions in risk persisted at 10 years for any diabetes-related end point (9%, P=0.04) and microvascular disease (24%, P=0.001), and risk reductions for myocardial infarction (15%, P=0.01) and death from any cause (13%, P=0.007) emerged over time, as more events occurred. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;メトホルミン群では，糖尿病関連のすべてのエンドポイント（21%，P＝0.01），心筋梗塞（33%，P＝0.005），全死因死亡（27%，P＝0.002）のリスクについて，有意な低下が持続していた． &lt;br /&gt;In the metformin group, significant risk reductions persisted for any diabetes-related end point (21%, P=0.01), myocardial infarction (33%, P=0.005), and death from any cause (27%, P=0.002). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;結論&lt;br /&gt;Conclusions &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;血糖値の差は早期に消失するにもかかわらず，細小血管リスクの低下は持続し，心筋梗塞や全死因死亡のリスクが新たに低下することが，試験後 10 年間の追跡調査で観察された．&lt;br /&gt;Despite an early loss of glycemic differences, a continued reduction in microvascular risk and emergent risk reductions for myocardial infarction and death from any cause were observed during 10 years of post-trial follow-up. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;過体重患者では，メトホルミン治療による利益の継続が認められた．（UKPDS 80，Current Controlled Trials 番号：ISRCTN75451837） &lt;br /&gt;A continued benefit after metformin therapy was evident among overweight patients. (UKPDS 80; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN75451837 [controlled-trials.com] .) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
      
    <dc:subject>Ankapobeny</dc:subject>
     
    
  <dc:date>2008-09-04T02:54:09Z</dc:date>
    <dc:creator>lehilahytsyresy</dc:creator>
 </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://lehilahytsyresy.blaogy.com/post/594/5395">
  <title>翻訳用　参考文献</title>
  <link>http://lehilahytsyresy.blaogy.com/post/594/5395</link>
<dc:description>&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;COPD に対するチオトロピウムの 4 年間の試験&lt;br /&gt;A 4-Year Trial of Tiotropium in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;背　景&lt;br /&gt;Background &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;これまでの研究で，チオトロピウムにより慢性閉塞性肺疾患（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease：COPD）患者の複数のエンドポイントが改善されたことから，われわれはチオトロピウム療法の長期効果を検討した． &lt;br /&gt;Previous studies showing that tiotropium improves multiple end points in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) led us to examine the long-term effects of tiotropium therapy. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;方　法&lt;br /&gt;Methods &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;この無作為化二重盲検試験では，吸入抗コリン薬を除くすべての呼吸器薬の使用が許可された COPD 患者を対象として，チオトロピウムとプラセボのいずれかによる 4 年間の治療を比較した．&lt;br /&gt;In this randomized, double-blind trial, we compared 4 years of therapy with either tiotropium or placebo in patients with COPD who were permitted to use all respiratory medications except inhaled anticholinergic drugs. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;患者は 40 歳以上で，気管支拡張薬投与後の 1 秒量（FEV1）が 70%未満であり，努力肺活量（FVC）に対する FEV1 の比が 70%未満であった．&lt;br /&gt;The patients were at least 40 years of age, with a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) of 70% or less after bronchodilation and a ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FVC) of 70% or less. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;複合主要エンドポイントは，気管支拡張薬の投与前と投与後（30 日目以降）の FEV1 の平均低下率とした．&lt;br /&gt;Coprimary end points were the rate of decline in the mean FEV1 before and after bronchodilation beginning on day 30. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;副次的エンドポイントは，FVC 値，St. George 呼吸器質問票（St. George&amp;#39;s Respiratory Questionnaire：SGRQ）における回答の変化，COPD の増悪，死亡率などとした．&lt;br /&gt;Secondary end points included measures of FVC, changes in response on St. George&amp;#39;s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), exacerbations of COPD, and mortality. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;______________________________________________&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;臍帯血管カテーテル挿入 &lt;br /&gt;Umbilical Vascular Catheterization&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;臍帯カテーテル挿入は，重症の新生児を治療する際に重要な技術である．&lt;br /&gt;Placement of umbilical catheters is an important skill for the treatment of critically ill neonates. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;カテーテルにより，蘇生，モニタリング，輸液投与，輸血，非経口栄養投与のための血管へのアクセスが可能になる．&lt;br /&gt;Catheters can provide vascular access for resuscitation, monitoring, fluid administration, blood transfusion, and parenteral nutrition. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;このビデオでは，臍動脈と臍静脈両方のカテーテル挿入を実演している．&lt;br /&gt;This video demonstrates the placement of both umbilical-artery and umbilical-vein catheters. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;______________________________________________&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small&quot;&gt;胸部痛，関節痛，縦隔の腫瘤を有する男性 &lt;br /&gt;A Man with Chest Pain, Arthralgias, and a Mediastinal Mass&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;39 歳の男性が，胸部痛，関節痛，&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #ffff00&quot;&gt;縦隔腫瘤&lt;/span&gt;のため当院に入院した．&lt;br /&gt;A 39-year-old man was admitted to this hospital because of chest pain, arthralgias, and a &lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #ffff00&quot;&gt;mediastinal mass&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;男性には，1 年前に心膜炎，5 年前に視神経炎の既往がある．&lt;br /&gt;He had had pericarditis 1 year earlier and optic neuritis 5 years earlier. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;診察では，第 1 心音は聴取されず，第 2 心音は大きくかつ顕著に分裂し，胸骨左縁上部に新たに&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #ffff00&quot;&gt;収縮期駆出性雑音&lt;/span&gt;が聴取された．&lt;br /&gt;On examination, the first heart sound was absent, the second was loud with a prominent split, and there was a new &lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #ffff00&quot;&gt;systolic ejection murmur&lt;/span&gt; at the left upper sternal border. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;画像検査では，大動脈を取り囲み，主肺動脈と右肺動脈の内腔を狭めている&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #ffff00&quot;&gt;浸潤性&lt;/span&gt;の縦隔腫瘤が示された．&lt;br /&gt;Imaging showed an &lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #ffff00&quot;&gt;infiltrative &lt;/span&gt;mediastinal mass surrounding the aorta and narrowing the lumen of the main and right pulmonary arteries.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:description>&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;COPD に対するチオトロピウムの 4 年間の試験&lt;br /&gt;A 4-Year Trial of Tiotropium in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;背　景&lt;br /&gt;Background &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;これまでの研究で，チオトロピウムにより慢性閉塞性肺疾患（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease：COPD）患者の複数のエンドポイントが改善されたことから，われわれはチオトロピウム療法の長期効果を検討した． &lt;br /&gt;Previous studies showing that tiotropium improves multiple end points in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) led us to examine the long-term effects of tiotropium therapy. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;方　法&lt;br /&gt;Methods &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;この無作為化二重盲検試験では，吸入抗コリン薬を除くすべての呼吸器薬の使用が許可された COPD 患者を対象として，チオトロピウムとプラセボのいずれかによる 4 年間の治療を比較した．&lt;br /&gt;In this randomized, double-blind trial, we compared 4 years of therapy with either tiotropium or placebo in patients with COPD who were permitted to use all respiratory medications except inhaled anticholinergic drugs. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;患者は 40 歳以上で，気管支拡張薬投与後の 1 秒量（FEV1）が 70%未満であり，努力肺活量（FVC）に対する FEV1 の比が 70%未満であった．&lt;br /&gt;The patients were at least 40 years of age, with a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) of 70% or less after bronchodilation and a ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FVC) of 70% or less. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;複合主要エンドポイントは，気管支拡張薬の投与前と投与後（30 日目以降）の FEV1 の平均低下率とした．&lt;br /&gt;Coprimary end points were the rate of decline in the mean FEV1 before and after bronchodilation beginning on day 30. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;副次的エンドポイントは，FVC 値，St. George 呼吸器質問票（St. George&amp;#39;s Respiratory Questionnaire：SGRQ）における回答の変化，COPD の増悪，死亡率などとした．&lt;br /&gt;Secondary end points included measures of FVC, changes in response on St. George&amp;#39;s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), exacerbations of COPD, and mortality. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;______________________________________________&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;臍帯血管カテーテル挿入 &lt;br /&gt;Umbilical Vascular Catheterization&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;臍帯カテーテル挿入は，重症の新生児を治療する際に重要な技術である．&lt;br /&gt;Placement of umbilical catheters is an important skill for the treatment of critically ill neonates. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;カテーテルにより，蘇生，モニタリング，輸液投与，輸血，非経口栄養投与のための血管へのアクセスが可能になる．&lt;br /&gt;Catheters can provide vascular access for resuscitation, monitoring, fluid administration, blood transfusion, and parenteral nutrition. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;このビデオでは，臍動脈と臍静脈両方のカテーテル挿入を実演している．&lt;br /&gt;This video demonstrates the placement of both umbilical-artery and umbilical-vein catheters. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;______________________________________________&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small&quot;&gt;胸部痛，関節痛，縦隔の腫瘤を有する男性 &lt;br /&gt;A Man with Chest Pain, Arthralgias, and a Mediastinal Mass&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;39 歳の男性が，胸部痛，関節痛，&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #ffff00&quot;&gt;縦隔腫瘤&lt;/span&gt;のため当院に入院した．&lt;br /&gt;A 39-year-old man was admitted to this hospital because of chest pain, arthralgias, and a &lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #ffff00&quot;&gt;mediastinal mass&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;男性には，1 年前に心膜炎，5 年前に視神経炎の既往がある．&lt;br /&gt;He had had pericarditis 1 year earlier and optic neuritis 5 years earlier. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;診察では，第 1 心音は聴取されず，第 2 心音は大きくかつ顕著に分裂し，胸骨左縁上部に新たに&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #ffff00&quot;&gt;収縮期駆出性雑音&lt;/span&gt;が聴取された．&lt;br /&gt;On examination, the first heart sound was absent, the second was loud with a prominent split, and there was a new &lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #ffff00&quot;&gt;systolic ejection murmur&lt;/span&gt; at the left upper sternal border. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;画像検査では，大動脈を取り囲み，主肺動脈と右肺動脈の内腔を狭めている&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #ffff00&quot;&gt;浸潤性&lt;/span&gt;の縦隔腫瘤が示された．&lt;br /&gt;Imaging showed an &lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #ffff00&quot;&gt;infiltrative &lt;/span&gt;mediastinal mass surrounding the aorta and narrowing the lumen of the main and right pulmonary arteries.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
      
    <dc:subject>Ankapobeny</dc:subject>
     
    
  <dc:date>2008-09-02T04:48:17Z</dc:date>
    <dc:creator>lehilahytsyresy</dc:creator>
 </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://lehilahytsyresy.blaogy.com/post/594/5314">
  <title>RIKEN news du mois de Septembre 2008</title>
  <link>http://lehilahytsyresy.blaogy.com/post/594/5314</link>
<dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;RIKEN news du mois de Septembre 2008&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;(Site principal: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.riken.jp/index_j.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;http://www.riken.jp/index_j.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt; )&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;関節リウマチの新たな原因遺伝子「CD244」を発見&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;- 関節リウマチの原因解明に新たな一歩 -&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial black,avant garde&quot;&gt;D&amp;eacute;couvrir CD244, le nouveau g&amp;egrave;ne causal du rhumatisme articulaire&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;- un nouveau pas dans la compr&amp;eacute;hension des causes des rhumatismes articulaires -&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.riken.jp/r-world/info/release/press/2008/080915/index.html&quot;&gt;http://www.riken.jp/r-world/info/release/press/2008/080915/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1塩基レベルのゲノム機能解明が可能に &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;- 点突然変異マウスライブラリーを整備、広く研究者に提供 -&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial black,avant garde&quot;&gt;Il est devenu possible d&amp;#39;&amp;eacute;lucider les fonctions du g&amp;eacute;nome, m&amp;ecirc;me au niveau d&amp;#39;une seule base&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial Black&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt; D&amp;eacute;velopper une &amp;quot;banque&amp;quot; de souris (&amp;quot;mouse library&amp;quot;) pr&amp;eacute;sentant des mutations ponctuelles (&amp;quot;point mutation&amp;quot;), et les diffuser largement aupr&amp;egrave;s des chercheurs -&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.riken.jp/r-world/info/release/press/2008/080910/index.html&quot;&gt;http://www.riken.jp/r-world/info/release/press/2008/080910/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-small; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;RIKEN news du mois de Septembre 2008&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;(Site principal: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.riken.jp/index_j.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;http://www.riken.jp/index_j.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt; )&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;関節リウマチの新たな原因遺伝子「CD244」を発見&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;- 関節リウマチの原因解明に新たな一歩 -&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial black,avant garde&quot;&gt;D&amp;eacute;couvrir CD244, le nouveau g&amp;egrave;ne causal du rhumatisme articulaire&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;- un nouveau pas dans la compr&amp;eacute;hension des causes des rhumatismes articulaires -&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.riken.jp/r-world/info/release/press/2008/080915/index.html&quot;&gt;http://www.riken.jp/r-world/info/release/press/2008/080915/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1塩基レベルのゲノム機能解明が可能に &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;- 点突然変異マウスライブラリーを整備、広く研究者に提供 -&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial black,avant garde&quot;&gt;Il est devenu possible d&amp;#39;&amp;eacute;lucider les fonctions du g&amp;eacute;nome, m&amp;ecirc;me au niveau d&amp;#39;une seule base&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Arial Black&quot;&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt; D&amp;eacute;velopper une &amp;quot;banque&amp;quot; de souris (&amp;quot;mouse library&amp;quot;) pr&amp;eacute;sentant des mutations ponctuelles (&amp;quot;point mutation&amp;quot;), et les diffuser largement aupr&amp;egrave;s des chercheurs -&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.riken.jp/r-world/info/release/press/2008/080910/index.html&quot;&gt;http://www.riken.jp/r-world/info/release/press/2008/080910/index.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
      
    <dc:subject>Ankapobeny</dc:subject>
     
    
  <dc:date>2008-09-01T18:52:48Z</dc:date>
    <dc:creator>lehilahytsyresy</dc:creator>
 </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://lehilahytsyresy.blaogy.com/post/594/5157">
  <title>Hiram-pirenena</title>
  <link>http://lehilahytsyresy.blaogy.com/post/594/5157</link>
<dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;Ity video iray ity moa dia&amp;nbsp;mifandray amin&amp;#39; ny &lt;a href=&quot;http://tokinao.blaogy.com/post/78/5156&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;blaogin&#039;i Tokinao&quot;&gt;fikasan&amp;#39;i Tokinao mikasika ny hiram-pirenena Malagasy&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;Zatovo vazaha mpianatra amin&amp;#39; ny &lt;a href=&quot;http://music.dlhs.lipscomb.edu/content.asp?SID=114&amp;amp;CID=1910&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;David Lipscomb High School Choir singing the Madagascan National Anthem&quot;&gt;ambaratonga faharoa ao Nashville, Tennessee (USA)&lt;/a&gt; izy ireto, kanefa dia vitany tsara mihitsy ny nihira ny hiram-pirenentsika, ary amin&amp;#39; ny fitenin-drazantsika.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;object type=&quot;application/x-shockwave-flash&quot; width=&quot;450&quot; height=&quot;350&quot; data=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/v/hd0hpZJTjgg&quot; id=&quot;ltVideoYouTube&quot;&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;movie&quot; value=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/v/hd0hpZJTjgg&quot; /&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;wmode&quot; value=&quot;transparent&quot; /&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;allowScriptAcess&quot; value=&quot;sameDomain&quot; /&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;quality&quot; value=&quot;best&quot; /&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;bgcolor&quot; value=&quot;#FFFFFF&quot; /&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;FlashVars&quot; value=&quot;playerMode=embedded&quot; /&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif&quot;&gt;Ity video iray ity moa dia&amp;nbsp;mifandray amin&amp;#39; ny &lt;a href=&quot;http://tokinao.blaogy.com/post/78/5156&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;blaogin&#039;i Tokinao&quot;&gt;fikasan&amp;#39;i Tokinao mikasika ny hiram-pirenena Malagasy&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;Zatovo vazaha mpianatra amin&amp;#39; ny &lt;a href=&quot;http://music.dlhs.lipscomb.edu/content.asp?SID=114&amp;amp;CID=1910&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; title=&quot;David Lipscomb High School Choir singing the Madagascan National Anthem&quot;&gt;ambaratonga faharoa ao Nashville, Tennessee (USA)&lt;/a&gt; izy ireto, kanefa dia vitany tsara mihitsy ny nihira ny hiram-pirenentsika, ary amin&amp;#39; ny fitenin-drazantsika.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;object type=&quot;application/x-shockwave-flash&quot; width=&quot;450&quot; height=&quot;350&quot; data=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/v/hd0hpZJTjgg&quot; id=&quot;ltVideoYouTube&quot;&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;movie&quot; value=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/v/hd0hpZJTjgg&quot; /&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;wmode&quot; value=&quot;transparent&quot; /&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;allowScriptAcess&quot; value=&quot;sameDomain&quot; /&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;quality&quot; value=&quot;best&quot; /&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;bgcolor&quot; value=&quot;#FFFFFF&quot; /&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;FlashVars&quot; value=&quot;playerMode=embedded&quot; /&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
      
    <dc:subject>Ankapobeny</dc:subject>
     
    
  <dc:date>2008-08-10T05:09:58Z</dc:date>
    <dc:creator>lehilahytsyresy</dc:creator>
 </item>
  <item rdf:about="http://lehilahytsyresy.blaogy.com/post/594/5154">
  <title>Ireo medaly miandry ny ekipa Malagasy @ lalao Olympika atsy Beijing</title>
  <link>http://lehilahytsyresy.blaogy.com/post/594/5154</link>
<dc:description>&lt;p&gt;Efa miandry anao ny medaly ry Ekipa Malagasy fa anjaranao sisa ny miezaka mafy, miezaka tsara, ary manome vokatra mihoatra ireo izay vitan&amp;#39; ny hafa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://proxy.f3.ymdb.yahoofs.jp/users/489dff8e_18139/bc/b6db/__sr_/68a1.jpg?bcjrKFJBZJVr9Ole&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;ireo medaly tokony ho azontsika gasy&quot; title=&quot;ireo medaly tokony ho azontsika gasy&quot; width=&quot;450&quot; height=&quot;257&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
  <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;Efa miandry anao ny medaly ry Ekipa Malagasy fa anjaranao sisa ny miezaka mafy, miezaka tsara, ary manome vokatra mihoatra ireo izay vitan&amp;#39; ny hafa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://proxy.f3.ymdb.yahoofs.jp/users/489dff8e_18139/bc/b6db/__sr_/68a1.jpg?bcjrKFJBZJVr9Ole&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; alt=&quot;ireo medaly tokony ho azontsika gasy&quot; title=&quot;ireo medaly tokony ho azontsika gasy&quot; width=&quot;450&quot; height=&quot;257&quot; /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
      
    <dc:subject>Ankapobeny</dc:subject>
     
    
  <dc:date>2008-08-01T18:45:39Z</dc:date>
    <dc:creator>lehilahytsyresy</dc:creator>
 </item>
 </rdf:RDF>